--- title: "United States v. Carter" citation: "44 F.4th 1227 (9th Cir. 2022)" authority_id: "AUTH-CA9-CARTER-44-F4TH-1227" authority_type: "case" jurisdiction: "federal_ninth_circuit" precedential_status: "binding_in_ca9" official_url: "https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2022/08/17/19-10411.pdf" url: "https://jason93.com/legal/federal-process/authorities/AUTH-CA9-CARTER-44-F4TH-1227/" legal_review: "2026-08-25" links_checked: "2026-10-15" links_available: 1 links_checked_count: 1 license: "CC BY 4.0" --- # United States v. Carter ## Holdings used - After Concepcion, the court must consider nonfrivolous intervening legal or factual arguments and give a brief reason; an unexplained denial can require vacatur and remand. ## Material limitation Binding only in the Ninth Circuit and only for the bounded procedural postures in the linked claims. Official published opinion reviewed. Carter recognizes that Concepcion abrogated Kelley's contrary restriction on intervening changes; no reduction is required. A comprehensive commercial citator was not run. ## Official source and pinpoints 44 F.4th 1227 (9th Cir. 2022), 44 F.4th 1228–29: ## Linked claims - `CLM-CIR9-004` ## Used in - [Ninth Circuit Overlay](https://jason93.com/legal/federal-process/modules/95-circuit-overlays/ninth-circuit.md)